QScreen Class

The QScreen class is used to query screen properties. More...

Header: #include <QScreen>
CMake: find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Gui REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Gui)
qmake: QT += gui
Since: Qt 5.0
Inherits: QObject

Properties

Public Functions

virtual ~QScreen()
int angleBetween(Qt::ScreenOrientation a, Qt::ScreenOrientation b) const
QRect availableGeometry() const
QSize availableSize() const
QRect availableVirtualGeometry() const
QSize availableVirtualSize() const
int depth() const
qreal devicePixelRatio() const
QRect geometry() const
QPixmap grabWindow(WId window = 0, int x = 0, int y = 0, int width = -1, int height = -1)
QPlatformScreen *handle() const
bool isLandscape(Qt::ScreenOrientation o) const
bool isPortrait(Qt::ScreenOrientation o) const
qreal logicalDotsPerInch() const
qreal logicalDotsPerInchX() const
qreal logicalDotsPerInchY() const
QString manufacturer() const
QRect mapBetween(Qt::ScreenOrientation a, Qt::ScreenOrientation b, const QRect &rect) const
QString model() const
QString name() const
Qt::ScreenOrientation nativeOrientation() const
Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation() const
qreal physicalDotsPerInch() const
qreal physicalDotsPerInchX() const
qreal physicalDotsPerInchY() const
QSizeF physicalSize() const
Qt::ScreenOrientation primaryOrientation() const
qreal refreshRate() const
QString serialNumber() const
QSize size() const
QTransform transformBetween(Qt::ScreenOrientation a, Qt::ScreenOrientation b, const QRect &target) const
QRect virtualGeometry() const
QScreen *virtualSiblingAt(QPoint point)
QList<QScreen *> virtualSiblings() const
QSize virtualSize() const

Signals

void availableGeometryChanged(const QRect &geometry)
void geometryChanged(const QRect &geometry)
void logicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)
void orientationChanged(Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation)
void physicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)
void physicalSizeChanged(const QSizeF &size)
void primaryOrientationChanged(Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation)
void refreshRateChanged(qreal refreshRate)
void virtualGeometryChanged(const QRect &rect)

Detailed Description

A note on logical vs physical dots per inch: physical DPI is based on the actual physical pixel sizes when available, and is useful for print preview and other cases where it's desirable to know the exact physical dimensions of screen displayed contents.

Logical dots per inch are used to convert font and user interface elements from point sizes to pixel sizes, and might be different from the physical dots per inch. The logical dots per inch are sometimes user-settable in the desktop environment's settings panel, to let the user globally control UI and font sizes in different applications.

Note: Both physical and logical DPI are expressed in device-independent dots. Multiply by QScreen::devicePixelRatio() to get device-dependent density.

Property Documentation

[read-only] availableGeometry : const QRect

This property holds the screen's available geometry in pixels

The available geometry is the geometry excluding window manager reserved areas such as task bars and system menus.

Note, on X11 this will return the true available geometry only on systems with one monitor and if window manager has set _NET_WORKAREA atom. In all other cases this is equal to geometry(). This is a limitation in X11 window manager specification.

Access functions:

QRect availableGeometry() const

Notifier signal:

void availableGeometryChanged(const QRect &geometry)

[read-only] availableSize : const QSize

This property holds the screen's available size in pixels

The available size is the size excluding window manager reserved areas such as task bars and system menus.

Access functions:

QSize availableSize() const

Notifier signal:

void availableGeometryChanged(const QRect &geometry)

[read-only] availableVirtualGeometry : const QRect

This property holds the available geometry of the virtual desktop to which this screen belongs

Returns the available geometry of the virtual desktop corresponding to this screen.

This is the union of the virtual siblings' individual available geometries.

Access functions:

QRect availableVirtualGeometry() const

Notifier signal:

void virtualGeometryChanged(const QRect &rect)

See also availableGeometry() and virtualSiblings().

[read-only] availableVirtualSize : const QSize

This property holds the available size of the virtual desktop to which this screen belongs

Returns the available pixel size of the virtual desktop corresponding to this screen.

This is the combined size of the virtual siblings' individual available geometries.

Access functions:

QSize availableVirtualSize() const

Notifier signal:

void virtualGeometryChanged(const QRect &rect)

See also availableSize() and virtualSiblings().

[read-only] depth : const int

This property holds the color depth of the screen

Access functions:

int depth() const

[read-only, since 5.5] devicePixelRatio : const qreal

This property holds the screen's ratio between physical pixels and device-independent pixels

Returns the ratio between physical pixels and device-independent pixels for the screen.

Common values are 1.0 on normal displays and 2.0 on "retina" displays. Higher values are also possible.

This property was introduced in Qt 5.5.

Access functions:

qreal devicePixelRatio() const

Notifier signal:

void physicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also QWindow::devicePixelRatio() and QGuiApplication::devicePixelRatio().

[read-only] geometry : const QRect

This property holds the screen's geometry in pixels

As an example this might return QRect(0, 0, 1280, 1024), or in a virtual desktop setting QRect(1280, 0, 1280, 1024).

Access functions:

QRect geometry() const

Notifier signal:

void geometryChanged(const QRect &geometry)

[read-only] logicalDotsPerInch : const qreal

This property holds the number of logical dots or pixels per inch

This value can be used to convert font point sizes to pixel sizes.

This is a convenience property that's simply the average of the logicalDotsPerInchX and logicalDotsPerInchY properties.

Access functions:

qreal logicalDotsPerInch() const

Notifier signal:

void logicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also logicalDotsPerInchX() and logicalDotsPerInchY().

[read-only] logicalDotsPerInchX : const qreal

This property holds the number of logical dots or pixels per inch in the horizontal direction

This value is used to convert font point sizes to pixel sizes.

Access functions:

qreal logicalDotsPerInchX() const

Notifier signal:

void logicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also logicalDotsPerInchY().

[read-only] logicalDotsPerInchY : const qreal

This property holds the number of logical dots or pixels per inch in the vertical direction

This value is used to convert font point sizes to pixel sizes.

Access functions:

qreal logicalDotsPerInchY() const

Notifier signal:

void logicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also logicalDotsPerInchX().

[read-only, since 5.9] manufacturer : const QString

This property holds the manufacturer of the screen

This property was introduced in Qt 5.9.

Access functions:

QString manufacturer() const

[read-only, since 5.9] model : const QString

This property holds the model of the screen

This property was introduced in Qt 5.9.

Access functions:

QString model() const

[read-only] name : const QString

This property holds a user presentable string representing the screen

For example, on X11 these correspond to the XRandr screen names, typically "VGA1", "HDMI1", etc.

Access functions:

QString name() const

[read-only, since 5.2] nativeOrientation : const Qt::ScreenOrientation

This property holds the native screen orientation

The native orientation of the screen is the orientation where the logo sticker of the device appears the right way up, or Qt::PrimaryOrientation if the platform does not support this functionality.

The native orientation is a property of the hardware, and does not change.

This property was introduced in Qt 5.2.

Access functions:

Qt::ScreenOrientation nativeOrientation() const

[read-only] orientation : const Qt::ScreenOrientation

This property holds the screen orientation

The orientation property tells the orientation of the screen from the window system perspective.

Most mobile devices and tablet computers contain accelerometer sensors. The Qt Sensors module provides the ability to read this sensor directly. However, the windowing system may rotate the entire screen automatically based on how it is being held; in that case, this orientation property will change.

Access functions:

Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation() const

Notifier signal:

void orientationChanged(Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation)

See also primaryOrientation() and QWindow::contentOrientation().

[read-only] physicalDotsPerInch : const qreal

This property holds the number of physical dots or pixels per inch

This value represents the pixel density on the screen's display. Depending on what information the underlying system provides the value might not be entirely accurate.

This is a convenience property that's simply the average of the physicalDotsPerInchX and physicalDotsPerInchY properties.

Note: Physical DPI is expressed in device-independent dots. Multiply by QScreen::devicePixelRatio() to get device-dependent density.

Access functions:

qreal physicalDotsPerInch() const

Notifier signal:

void physicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also physicalDotsPerInchX() and physicalDotsPerInchY().

[read-only] physicalDotsPerInchX : const qreal

This property holds the number of physical dots or pixels per inch in the horizontal direction

This value represents the actual horizontal pixel density on the screen's display. Depending on what information the underlying system provides the value might not be entirely accurate.

Note: Physical DPI is expressed in device-independent dots. Multiply by QScreen::devicePixelRatio() to get device-dependent density.

Access functions:

qreal physicalDotsPerInchX() const

Notifier signal:

void physicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also physicalDotsPerInchY().

[read-only] physicalDotsPerInchY : const qreal

This property holds the number of physical dots or pixels per inch in the vertical direction

This value represents the actual vertical pixel density on the screen's display. Depending on what information the underlying system provides the value might not be entirely accurate.

Note: Physical DPI is expressed in device-independent dots. Multiply by QScreen::devicePixelRatio() to get device-dependent density.

Access functions:

qreal physicalDotsPerInchY() const

Notifier signal:

void physicalDotsPerInchChanged(qreal dpi)

See also physicalDotsPerInchX().

[read-only] physicalSize : const QSizeF

This property holds the screen's physical size (in millimeters)

The physical size represents the actual physical dimensions of the screen's display.

Depending on what information the underlying system provides the value might not be entirely accurate.

Access functions:

QSizeF physicalSize() const

Notifier signal:

void physicalSizeChanged(const QSizeF &size)

[read-only] primaryOrientation : const Qt::ScreenOrientation

This property holds the primary screen orientation

The primary screen orientation is Qt::LandscapeOrientation if the screen geometry's width is greater than or equal to its height, or Qt::PortraitOrientation otherwise. This property might change when the screen orientation was changed (i.e. when the display is rotated). The behavior is however platform dependent and can often be specified in an application manifest file.

Access functions:

Qt::ScreenOrientation primaryOrientation() const

Notifier signal:

void primaryOrientationChanged(Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation)

[read-only] refreshRate : const qreal

This property holds the approximate vertical refresh rate of the screen in Hz

Access functions:

qreal refreshRate() const

Notifier signal:

void refreshRateChanged(qreal refreshRate)

[read-only, since 5.9] serialNumber : const QString

This property holds the serial number of the screen

This property was introduced in Qt 5.9.

Access functions:

QString serialNumber() const

[read-only] size : const QSize

This property holds the pixel resolution of the screen

Access functions:

QSize size() const

Notifier signal:

void geometryChanged(const QRect &geometry)

[read-only] virtualGeometry : const QRect

This property holds the pixel geometry of the virtual desktop to which this screen belongs

Returns the pixel geometry of the virtual desktop corresponding to this screen.

This is the union of the virtual siblings' individual geometries.

Access functions:

QRect virtualGeometry() const

Notifier signal:

void virtualGeometryChanged(const QRect &rect)

See also virtualSiblings().

[read-only] virtualSize : const QSize

This property holds the pixel size of the virtual desktop to which this screen belongs

Returns the pixel size of the virtual desktop corresponding to this screen.

This is the combined size of the virtual siblings' individual geometries.

Access functions:

QSize virtualSize() const

Notifier signal:

void virtualGeometryChanged(const QRect &rect)

See also virtualSiblings().

Member Function Documentation

[signal] void QScreen::orientationChanged(Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation)

This signal is emitted when the orientation of the screen changes with orientation as an argument.

Note: Notifier signal for property orientation.

See also orientation().

[signal] void QScreen::primaryOrientationChanged(Qt::ScreenOrientation orientation)

This signal is emitted when the primary orientation of the screen changes with orientation as an argument.

Note: Notifier signal for property primaryOrientation.

See also primaryOrientation().

[virtual] QScreen::~QScreen()

Destroys the screen.

int QScreen::angleBetween(Qt::ScreenOrientation a, Qt::ScreenOrientation b) const

Convenience function to compute the angle of rotation to get from rotation a to rotation b.

The result will be 0, 90, 180, or 270.

Qt::PrimaryOrientation is interpreted as the screen's primaryOrientation().

QPixmap QScreen::grabWindow(WId window = 0, int x = 0, int y = 0, int width = -1, int height = -1)

Creates and returns a pixmap constructed by grabbing the contents of the given window restricted by QRect(x, y, width, height). If window is 0, then the entire screen will be grabbed.

The arguments (x, y) specify the offset in the window, whereas (width, height) specify the area to be copied. If width is negative, the function copies everything to the right border of the window. If height is negative, the function copies everything to the bottom of the window.

The offset and size arguments are specified in device independent pixels. The returned pixmap may be larger than the requested size when grabbing from a high-DPI screen. Call QPixmap::devicePixelRatio() to determine if this is the case.

The window system identifier (WId) can be retrieved using the QWidget::winId() function. The rationale for using a window identifier and not a QWidget, is to enable grabbing of windows that are not part of the application, window system frames, and so on.

Warning: Grabbing windows that are not part of the application is not supported on systems such as iOS, where sandboxing/security prevents reading pixels of windows not owned by the application.

The grabWindow() function grabs pixels from the screen, not from the window, i.e. if there is another window partially or entirely over the one you grab, you get pixels from the overlying window, too. The mouse cursor is generally not grabbed.

Note on X11 that if the given window doesn't have the same depth as the root window, and another window partially or entirely obscures the one you grab, you will not get pixels from the overlying window. The contents of the obscured areas in the pixmap will be undefined and uninitialized.

On Windows Vista and above grabbing a layered window, which is created by setting the Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground attribute, will not work. Instead grabbing the desktop widget should work.

Warning: In general, grabbing an area outside the screen is not safe. This depends on the underlying window system.

QPlatformScreen *QScreen::handle() const

Get the platform screen handle.

See also Qt Platform Abstraction (QPA).

bool QScreen::isLandscape(Qt::ScreenOrientation o) const

Convenience function that returns true if o is either landscape or inverted landscape; otherwise returns false.

Qt::PrimaryOrientation is interpreted as the screen's primaryOrientation().

bool QScreen::isPortrait(Qt::ScreenOrientation o) const

Convenience function that returns true if o is either portrait or inverted portrait; otherwise returns false.

Qt::PrimaryOrientation is interpreted as the screen's primaryOrientation().

QRect QScreen::mapBetween(Qt::ScreenOrientation a, Qt::ScreenOrientation b, const QRect &rect) const

Maps the rect between two screen orientations.

This will flip the x and y dimensions of the rectangle rect if the orientation a is Qt::PortraitOrientation or Qt::InvertedPortraitOrientation and orientation b is Qt::LandscapeOrientation or Qt::InvertedLandscapeOrientation, or vice versa.

Qt::PrimaryOrientation is interpreted as the screen's primaryOrientation().

QTransform QScreen::transformBetween(Qt::ScreenOrientation a, Qt::ScreenOrientation b, const QRect &target) const

Convenience function to compute a transform that maps from the coordinate system defined by orientation a into the coordinate system defined by orientation b and target dimensions target.

Example, a is Qt::Landscape, b is Qt::Portrait, and target is QRect(0, 0, w, h) the resulting transform will be such that the point QPoint(0, 0) is mapped to QPoint(0, w), and QPoint(h, w) is mapped to QPoint(0, h). Thus, the landscape coordinate system QRect(0, 0, h, w) is mapped (with a 90 degree rotation) into the portrait coordinate system QRect(0, 0, w, h).

Qt::PrimaryOrientation is interpreted as the screen's primaryOrientation().

[since 5.15] QScreen *QScreen::virtualSiblingAt(QPoint point)

Returns the screen at point within the set of QScreen::virtualSiblings(), or nullptr if outside of any screen.

The point is in relation to the virtualGeometry() of each set of virtual siblings.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.15.

QList<QScreen *> QScreen::virtualSiblings() const

Get the screen's virtual siblings.

The virtual siblings are the screen instances sharing the same virtual desktop. They share a common coordinate system, and windows can freely be moved or positioned across them without having to be re-created.